What role did Abraham Maslow play in psychology?

• A. He was a leading behaviorist
• B. He is considered a founder of humanistic psychology
• C. He focused exclusively on psychoanalysis
• D. He originated the study of cognitive dissonance

Answer: (B)

Abraham Maslow is recognized as a founder of humanistic psychology, which emerged as a response to both psychoanalysis and behaviorism. His work emphasized the importance of personal growth, self-actualization, and the human capacity for change, highlighting the positive aspects of human nature. Maslow is best known for his hierarchy of needs, a motivational theory that categorizes human needs into a five-tier model, showing how individuals progress through these levels to achieve their fullest potential.

His approach significantly shaped therapeutic practices and the way psychologists understand motivation and personality. This perspective contrasts with other psychological frameworks that often focus more on pathology or behavior modification rather than the individual's intrinsic motivations and personal development. The development of humanistic psychology has had a lasting impact on therapeutic practices and has promoted a more holistic view of the individual.